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Totem and Taboo Freud

ethnological data collected most important of his time and concluded that the t
Oteman
is the oldest and most universal religious. Also draws inspiration from the writings of Darwin, is that primitive man lived in small hordes dominated by a powerful male, master of all females. The situation of male offspring was hard, if aroused the suspicions of the father were killed or banished, were condemned to live in small communities and in achieving abducted females. Sexual impulses of the sons and brothers were heading toward his mother and sisters but, as happens in the child, the great obstacles to his wishes was the father. The situation aroused a feeling of hatred and death to him, a desire to eliminate him and take his place. What happened to us makes clear Freud in his Totem and Taboo:

"The Darwinian theory is the existence of a violent and jealous father who reserves for himself all expelled females and their children as they grow. [...] The expelled brothers met one day, the father killed and ate his body and put an end to the existence of the father horde. United held that, individually, would not have been possible. Since they were cannibals was natural that devoured the corpse. The totem feast, perhaps the first feast of humanity, reproduction would be commemorating this memorable and criminal act, which was the starting point for the social, moral restrictions and of religion. "

What happened after the assassination of his father? On the one hand, Freud continues, the country experienced a long period of social disorder in which the brothers were fighting and paternal succession in which each sought to occupy the coveted post, but the reality principle and the brothers won realized that to survive we had to suppress the mobile home of parricide, the possession of females. On the other hand, there was a strong conscience or guilt because of the ambivalent feelings, hatred and love for the father.
The principle of reality and guilt are what gave birth to the social, moral and religious standards, in particular the totemic religion. Thus, for the good of all it became necessary to abandon the ideal of imitating his father in the possession of the mother and sisters, need that resulted in their first moral standards: a.

incest taboo, namely, the horror and the prohibition of having sexual relationship with family and
b.
the precept of exogamy
, the obligation to find a husband or wife outside their own group.
The desire to soften the remorse caused the primitive animal serve as a strong and feared, the totem of the community to replace the father. The above two rules together with the following form the core of religion totemic
c. the prohibition against killing the totem animal representing the murdered father.
The totem feast and remember the original parricide committed the participants to maintain the established order. Freud believed that the assassination of the father has been played historically, the Jews murdered Moses hypothesis formulated in Moses and Monotheism, and then killed Jesus.

In Totem and Taboo, Freud suspected of violence in the origin of their social institutions, morals and religion. In the 1927 book, The Future of an Illusion, talks about society and religion not so much from an ethnological perspective and from a psychological perspective. Continues his analogy between individual phenomena and collective phenomena by comparing the behavior of neurotic with religious rites, in all the figure of the father, the patriarch as deified in Judaism, is once again the key explanatory element. The deep sense of helplessness that we all experience in our childhood and who also experienced the human family in the early time was what sparked the need for loving care. In our childhood, our father meets this need, the elderly, helpless, helpless, recalls with nostalgia the protection they enjoyed as a child and, projecting it creates the illusion of the existence of a God father and protector.

Freud argued that religious ideas are illusions
, embodiments of the oldest and most intense desires of humanity. What desires? The desires that every man has at his helplessness, to be protected from the dangers of life, for justice in society, that human existence does not end with death. Still emphasizing the great services with great efficiency religion has offered to humanity throughout its history. Meet deep human needs, has made happiness more accessible to man. The man can only give religion the day his mental life is subject to the dictatorship of reason, if you leave the religion without having taken a truly moral, then you will get nothing. 1_



Explains concepts in bold
2_Analiza the origin of religion throughout the book and the similarities that appear between the totemic religion and Christianity.
3 - The subject that we have related the book is the crisis of the Enlightenment and the philosophies of suspicion. Freud reminds us that not only reason which can explain and govern our lives. There are also unconscious elements very difficult to control and to understand rationally. Make a review of these items throughout the book Totem and Taboo.